Anticipatory Sets
I’ve been thinking a lot about anticipatory sets this week,
probably because one of my professors really likes them, but it’s got me
thinking. I’ve used them before and really liked them. Even more, the students
like them and they work. I really need to start using them more often.
For those who may wonder what the heck I’m talking about, an
anticipatory set is something that you can do at the beginning of a class to
grab the classes attention, and more importantly, get them interested in what
you want them to learn that day. I feel that how well these work depend on the
class, but if you do them right they can be fun for the students, as well as
you. This is the part of lesson plans that I really have my fun.
Here’s an anticipatory set I thought of after (of course I
have my best ideas after the fact) I taught a lesson on adjectives and adverbs
recently. The purpose is to get them excited and to show them hands on how they
would use these parts of speech in their lives.
Start off the day by putting a cupcake (or really good
cookie) in front of the class, start talking about the cupcake (or cookie)
using adjectives and adverbs. Get your student’s mouths watering. Then explain
to the class that you couldn’t adequately describe this without using
adjectives and adverbs (make sure you point out which words you used). Now ask
them to get out a piece of paper and describe (in full sentences) this
cupcake/cookie using as many adjectives and adverbs as they can. Give them 5-10
minutes depending on the class. The person who uses the most (correctly) gets
the desert.
Here’s another idea, I would love to hear if anyone has
tried something like this and how it worked.
Have the students create their own anticipatory sets. Assign
each student a different aspect of literature, characterization, irony,
imagery, etc., and a date. To start the class on their date they give a 3-5
minute presentation on their aspect of literature as an introduction to that
day’s lesson. This not only gets the students involved in the teaching, but I
think students pay more attention to their peers teaching. It’s something
different. This could be incorporated with a class novel to add multiple levels
to the lesson.
This is a great article, from a teacher’s perspective, on
the use of anticipatory sets. My favorite line from the article is “There's a famous maxim that goes, ‘you can
lead a horse to water, but you can't make him drink.’ The problem with this
statement is that it's just not true. The fact of the matter is that you can
feed a horse salt so that it becomes thirsty.” This is the best way I’ve ever
hear to explain the point of anticipatory sets. Sometimes you need to make your
students thirsty for the knowledge you have for them.